Freitag, 30. März 2012

Doing so is just going to call attention to the comment

I have a situation I could use a little advice on. I sold something a few days ago and got a positive feedback with a negative comment to the effect that the item looked better quality in the pictures than it did when they got it. It's her opinion as far as quality and I won't dispute that except to say that the item was described exactly as it is in material and how it was made and it is in fact very good quality. But that's a difference of opinion and I would have been happy to issue a full refund including shipping. I haven't had many complaints, but when I have, I have always worked things out with the buyer. I'm a little annoyed the buyer didn't contact me and give me a chance to make it right, but I digress.

Anyway, so my question is, what's a nice way to respond to the negative comment. I was thinking something like; "Would have refunded if buyer not happy but was never contacted" or something like that, but I can't work out the wording, it just doesn't sound right to me. Or is there something else I can say?

Freitag, 23. März 2012

Historical Events in Amateur Radio

1894-1899-- Marconi conducts his wireless experiments in Europe and sends a message across the English Channel.

1901-Marconi sends a wireless signal across the Atlantic.

1900-1908--Thousands of Americans experiment with wireless. Few at this time are interested in it as a hobby only.

1904-J.A. Fleming develops the 2 element (Diode) vacuum tube.

1906-Lee deforest develops the 3 element (Triode) vacuum tube. R.A. Fessenden uses the Alexanderson Alternator to make the first voice & music transmissions.

1908-A possible beginning of amateur radio. Prior to this time, interest in wireless had primarily been either as an experimenter or as an entrepreneur. By 1908, definite hobby interests exist among users.

1909-The first radio clubs are formed. Spark and the long-waves (300-6000 meters)

1912-The Titanic disaster points out the need for Wireless Regulation.The Radio Act of 1912 is passed, which limits amateur radio stations to 200 meters.

1913-Edwin Armstrong develops the regenerative receiver and also discovers that the "Audion" (Triode) can oscillate. CW is born.

1914-The ARRL is organized by H.P. Maxim to help relay messages, given the limited range on 200 meters at that time. (25 miles).

1914-1917--The number of amateur radio stations increases. The ARRL starts a little magazine, called "QST".

1917-The US enters WWI. All amateur radio operators are ordered to dismantle their transmitters and receivers. QST ceases publication.

1918-Major Armstrong develops the superheterodyne receiver while serving in France. C.W. is used by the military during the war.

1919-Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels tries to get the Navy a total monopoly on all wireless communications.

1919-Woodrow Wilson becomes the first President to speak over radio when he broadcasts a speech to American Troops in Europe.

1919-1920--The success of CW in the war & the availability of tubes.

1920-"Amateur Police Radio" becomes popular. Amateurs operated as an inter-system police communications service to relay broadcasts of crimes and stolen vehicles.

1921-The National Amateur Wireless Association becomes active. It's main success is the broadcast of the Dempsey-Carpenter fight. Many amateurs helped in this broadcast, from acting as relay stations to setting up receivers and loudspeakers in public places.

1921-1922--The Transatlantic tests are a success.

1923-The amateur radio census is at 12,000. Shortwave development continues.

The MacMillan Arctic Expedition is the first to carry two way radio; an amateur 200 meter station.

1924-Amateur radio get new bands at 80, 40, 20, and 5 meters. Spark prohibited on the new bands.

1925-The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) formed 1925.

1926-Radio Act of 1912 to be unenforceable in regards to broadcasting & the shortwaves.

1927-The Radio Act of 1927 creates the Federal Radio Commission.

1929-1936--Despite the Depression, Amateur Radio, low cost components make it possible to build a quality station . VHF phone operation becomes popular with the super-regenerative receiver (developed by Armstrong) and the modulated oscillator. Phone operation begins to appear on some HF bands. But C.W. & crystal control are still number one.

1932-The Madrid Conference. No changes to Amateur Radio.

1933-1934--The Communications Act of 1934 creates the Federal Communications Commission. Amateur radio Licenses are reorganized into Class A, Class B, and Class C. Major Edwin Armstrong develops wide-band FM. 1936-H.P. Maxim, founder of the ARRL & it's first President, dies.

1938-The Cairo Conference. Amateur radio lose the exclusive use of 40 meters, now shared with Broadcasters. The FCC gives us 2 new "UHF" bands, 2 1/2 meters (112 Mc) and 1 1/4 meters.

1939-1940--We are joined in the "UHF" range by two new users--the first FM Broadcast Band .

1940-1941--With the war raging in Europe, our ability to have international QSO's is severely limited. When the US enters the War, all amateur activity is suspended.

1942-1945--Except for the War Emergency Radio Service on 2 1/2 meters, no amateur radio operations take place. New "UHF" tubes and circuits are developed as a result of the war.

1945-A major battle develops over postwar frequency allocations. Major Armstrong (FM Broadcasting), and Brigadier General David Sarnoff (RCA/NBC Television), all fight over the low end of the VHF spectrum between 44-108. At one point, the FCC submits 3 Alternatives--one gives us a 7 meter band , two our 5 meter band , and three a 6 meter band . 6 meter band wins and is located between TV Ch 1 and Ch 2 .The FCC moves our 2 1/2 meter band to 144-148 MHz.

On November 15, 1945, amateurs are allowed back on the air--but just on 10 & 2 meters only. 1945-CQ magazine is first published.

1946-The military leaves our HF bands in stages, amateur radio operators gradually get their frequencies back, all except for 160 meters, which will be used for the LORAN Radio navigation system. The FCC creates the Tenth Call District (using the numeral -0-), and realigns the District boundaries. War surplus equipment finds its way into the ham radio market.

1947-The Atlantic City Conference--Amateurs lose the top 300 kc of 10 meters , and will lose 14.35--14.4 on 20 meters. But they will gain a new band at 15 meters in the future. To compensate ham radio for their loss, the FCC allows them to use the 11 meter band on a shared basis with Industrial, Scientific & Medical devices. TVI is starting to become a problem--the ARRL determines that Ch 2 is very vulnerable to TVI & recommends it be eliminated, but the FCC removes Ch 1 instead. The Transistor is developed by Bell Labs.

1948-Single Sideband is fully described in the amateur radio publications.

1951-The FCC completely reorganizes the amateur license system. The Class A, B, & C Licenses are replaced by the Advanced, General, & Conditional Class respectively. Three new license classes are created--the Amateur Extra, Novice & Technician. The Technician Class is created for experimentation, not communication, and has privileges only above 220 MHz. Novices are given limited HF CW sub-bands, 75 watts, crystal control only. They may also use phone on 145--147 MHz. It is a one year, non renewable license.

1952-The FCC allows phone operation on 40 meters, which had been CW only. The 15 meter band is opened. The Advanced Class is withdrawn from new applicants, although present holders can continue to renew, and the "exclusive" 75 & 20 meter phone bands are opened to Generals & Conditionals. Everyone, Conditional & above, has the same privileges.

1953-The FCC starts issuing "K" calls to amateur radio operators in the 48 States due to the increased ham radio population.

1954-Depressed and broke from his patent fights with RCA over FM, Major Edwin Armstrong commits suicide. His wife continues the fight, winning the last battle in 1967, when the Supreme Court rules that Armstrong did indeed invent FM.

1955-Technicians are given 6 meter privileges to help populate the band & encourage experimentation. The ARRL & most ham radio operators oppose 2 meters for Technicians. Wayne Greene becomes editor of CQ magazine.

1956-1960--A gradual technical revolution on 2 fronts: Transistors find their way into the ham radio shack, first in power supplies, then audio sections, then receivers and finally QRP transmitters. But most equipment was still 100% tubes. Also, SSB is catching up on AM in terms of popularity. By the 1960's, SSB pulls ahead of AM.

1957-Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, is launched by the USSR. Amateurs copy it's beacon on 20 & 40 Mc.

1958-Explorer is launched by the US. Amateurs copy it's signal on 108 Mc. The ham radio population is 160,000--3 times the 1946 total. The FCC has to issue "WA" calls in the 2nd & 6th call areas, as the "W" & "K" 1x3 prefixes have run out. Slow Scan TV is first described in QST. In September, amateurs lose their shared use of 11 meters, as Class D CB is born.

1959-The Geneva Conference held, no major amateur changes. Technicians get the middle part of 2 meters (145-147 Mc), but not without some controversy over the purpose of the license. The FCC restates their "experimental, not communication" policy.

1960-Wayne Greene fired as CQ editor, forms 73 magazine.

1961-OSCAR I, the first amateur radio satellite, is launched. Thousands of Amateurs copy it's 50 mw beacon on 144 Mc.

1962-CONELRAD is replaced by the Emergency Broadcast System. Amateurs no longer have to monitor 640 or 1240 kc while operating their stations.

1963-The ARRL, responding to some complaints about Generals being allowed on 75 & 20 phone, proposes an "incentive licensing" system. Under the ARRL proposal, Generals & Conditionals would lose 75, 40, 20 & 15 meter phone privileges over a 2 year period. The Building Fund, to construct the ARRL Headquarters at 225 Main St., Newington, is in full swing. The amateur radio population is over 200,000, but CB licenses now outnumber hams.

1964- Herbert Hoover dies at the age of 90. As Secretary of Commerce in the 1920's, and President of the United States from 1929-1933, his strong support of amateur radio was invaluable. He lived long enough to see his son (Herbert Hoover, Jr, W6ZH) elected President of the ARRL.

1965-The FCC comes out with it's own incentive licensing proposal.

1969 -The FCC removes the ability for a Technician to hold a Novice license at the same time. The ARRL announces a new policy, they now consider Technicians to be communicators and petition the FCC to give them full VHF privileges, a 10 meter segment from 29.5-29.7 Mc, and Novice CW sub bands.

1970-The amateur radio population is 250,000 but stagnant.2 meter FM is starting to boom. New equipment designed for the amateur radio market joins the surplus wide band commercial radios which were converted for use on 146.94. "Mhz" & "khz" replace "Mc" & "kc".

1971-The Japanese are starting to dominate the amateur radio markets.

1972-A national 2 meter FM band plan was announced,146.52 was chosen as the national simplex frequency.

1974-The Electronics Industry Association proposed a new "Class E CB" using 2 MHz of our 220 band.

1975-1976--A new repeater sub band is established at 144.5-145.5 MHz.

Technicians now have 144.5-148 MHz on 2 meters, and finally have Novice privileges. Novices are given a power increase to 250 watts. The "mail order" Technician license is eliminated--applicants must appear at a FCC examination site.

1977-The FCC expands CB radio from 23 to 40 channels. Hundreds of hams purchase "obsolete" 23 channel CB sets at fire sale prices and convert them to 10 meters.

1978-Technicians finally get all privileges above 50 MHz, and can obtain a RACES Station authorization. The amateur radio population stands at 350,000. "Packet" radio first appears on the ham bands, on an experimental basis.

1979-The World Administrative Radio Conference, or WARC-79, takes place in Geneva. The ARRL, IARU & other groups have been preparing for years.

1980-Spread Spectrum appears on an experimental basis, and the FCC authorizes ASCII on the ham radio bands.

1983- Owen Garriott, W5LFL, becomes the first amateur radio operator to be on board a Space Shuttle. He makes hundreds of QSO's on 2 meters.

1984-The FCC stopped giving examinations, turning the duty over to the new Volunteer Examiner Program. . The amateur radio population is up to 410,000.

1987-Novices & Technicians get 10 meter SSB privileges from 28.3-28.5 MHz. Novices also get phone operation on portions of 220 & 1296 MHz. The Element 3 written exam is broken into 2 segments--3A (Technician) and 3B (General). Technicians who passed their exam prior to March 1987 get permanent credit towards the General written exam.

1990-1991--MARS (military affiliate radio network) operations increased as amateurs became involved in Operation Desert Shield/Storm. As the war in Kuwait increases, tens of thousands of Americans discover Shortwave Radio, to get the latest news.

1991-Amateur Radio gets it's first code free license--the "No Code Technician". "Regular" Technicians are renamed "Technician Plus". The first all amateur Shuttle, the "Atlantis", goes into space.

1991-1998--Amateur Radio grows from 500,000 to over 710,000.

Fashion and Jewelry--How to accessorize

Many of you enjoy looking at accessorized, fashion models, especially female models, and how they accessorize. Let's face it...the average person,man or woman, is not a size 6. That's ok, because accessories like earrings and necklaces can go with any size. Beautiful clothing are worn by plus-size models as well as petite women and the whole purpose of jewelry is to spruce up any outfit, at any size, although certain types of jewelry can be used to either "accentuate" or "slim down" your size. Some of the great accessories is a medium to long necklace that can both dress up and enlongate, giving you a more slender appearance. A pair of earrings can also enhance the positive. If your face is round or even heart-shaped, or even heart-shaped, for example, then long, thin or oval shaped, drop earrings seem to work best. Ovals can also work for square faces. If you have a triangular face shape, a wide earring can make a small, triangular face shape look wider, which is usually what you're looking for. Oval shaped faces can wear any style of earrings. Whatever the need, you should have fun searching for accessories will satisfy it.

If you don't know your face shape, the easiest way to find out is to wrap your hair or pull it back into a ponytail. I prefer a scarf to tie around my head, to see only my hairline. Wet your index finger with water and liquid detergent. Stand in front of a mirror (with good lighting of course), and trace your hairline on the mirror. The locations of the hairline will help determine the shape of your face. For example, if there i a "widow's peak" or pointy hairline that meets in the front, then it's a heart-shaped face. For every face shape, adding jewelry like costume earrings and necklaces, can quickly add drama to any outfit on any occasion. Some examples of great costume jewelry are these pieces from London that can be found below:

Hangover Cures that Really Work

In order to cure a hangover you have to understand the main causes of a hangover. The most common feelings of nausea, upset stomach, headache, irritability, and weakness are all a result of alcohol consumption. When our bodies are exposed to a great deal of alcohol, we can easily become very dehydrated. The type of alcohol consumed can also add to the hangover symptoms as different types of alcohol have different additives to add flavor and sweetness to the alcohol. Here are some hangover cures that really work.


Drink, Drink, Drink
One of the main causes of a hangover is dehydration. If you can't stomach drinking something flavored, drink as much water as you can to help flush the toxins that have accumulated out of your body and to rehydrate your system. If you can stomach something flavored, drink a sports drink like Gatorade will replenish your electrolytes and rehydrate you faster than water. This is likely the remedy that will make you feel better in the shortest amount of time.

Eat Some Food
The body needs to reboot after heavy drinking. A little bit of food can go a long way after a hangover. This doesn't mean you have to sit down and eat a four course meal if your stomach is upset. A little food, even a very small amount can help to reboot the cycles in your body that have been marred by alcohol and its by-products. Some notable foods to help shorten the hangover are: eggs, honey and fruit.

Take a Vitamin
When you drink a large amount of alcohol, you lose important vitamins and minerals that are important to maintaining equilibrium in your body. The most common vitamin that is depleted is vitamin B1, but many other are flushed out of the system because alcohol is often a diuretic. A vitamin with a large glass of water can really help to replenish vitamins and minerals while rehydrating.

Baking Soda
Alka Seltzer is a great way to help beat a hangover. It contains sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) which can help with upset stomach and nausea. If you don't have any Alka Seltzer then you can try some very cold water mixed with a teaspoon of baking soda for the same effect.

Coffee or Tea
If you are a regular coffee or tea drinker you should really make sure you have a cup to prevent caffeine withdrawal. The caffeine may actually be a great help to you as well. Caffeine can help to reduce the severity of headaches and can add a little zip to your spirit as you try to recover.

Aspirin or Ibuprofen
A pain relieving medicine can really go a long way after a hangover. This is a hangover cure that really works but should be used with caution. The liver is working on over drive after a long night of drinking. The stomach can also be very upset or acidic after heavy drinking. A pain killer will quell the headache but can cause damage to the liver or stomach if there has been very heavy alcohol consumption.

Psychic Field Theory - By Dale Power

Psychic Field Theory By Dale Power


On this level it is more than fair to say that 'Quantum Particles' are not actual
pieces of something, but are instead vibrating 'Strings' of information. This is all
known (or at least theorized) by modern science.(The 'new' information is below.)
PFT states that it is possible for a sophisticated and redundant mind to
notice pattern disruptions due to Quantum Tunneling (That is what it is
called when particles teleport) when tens of thousands of electrons pass
into the brain from a specific object, another person or a field of energy
that has some coherent form.


This explains all psychic information gathering. (Telepathy, psychometry and
Clairvoyance as well as Remote viewing all operate on the same basic level.)
What is happening is this. When two (or more) objects enter into resonance with
one another, which humans can start by focusing on an object or person and
happens automatically, a cascade of quantum tunneling starts between the two
objects, the person focusing and the object of that focus.(It is a little more
complicated than this, but that can be discussed later. For now this is a good
enough approximation for this explanation.)


Once the Quanta (most probably electrons) are passing back and forth, each
object (the focuser and the object of focus again.) will begin to have their basic
pattern disrupted by the other object, as the quanta will tend to 'fire off' in a
pattern that represents their starting position in the object of origin.
If one of the objects is able to quiet their though pattern enough, they will be able
to notice a pattern emerging due to the repeated, constant, tiny disruptions of
their own being.


Simple, right?


PFT also allows for formative information to be passed in this fashion,
allowing information from one source to influence the pattern of the
other object, as long as the 'guide' pattern of the influencing object is
held in a fashion that allows for constant correction.
So, in other words, if you hold an idea or picture in your mind well enough and
don't let it be influenced by the object you are focusing on, you can make
changes to the other pattern.


The higher the energy state of this object, the faster changes will be made and
the more focused the image in the mind of the first party will have to remain
during the time of resonance.


It should be clear by now that two physical objects may interact at a distance if
the conditions are right, but how does this alter the an object towards anything
except the pattern of information of the first object?


This is a property that is strictly in the field of mind. Using our minds we can
create an exacting 'image' of an object with an effective quantum profile, that has
no macro level mass or shape. But, if we hold it stead enough in our heads, this
object responds on the quantum level exactly like it would if physically present.
By making (and holding) small differences between the mental object and the
physical one, and not allowing deviation of the mental object (It will try to change
due to resonance interference from the other point of interaction.) the constant
flow of information will eventually alter that 'real' object. Again, the more energy involved in the process the faster and easier changes will
be to bring about.


I would like to leave on this point:
The base psychic ability of humans is singular. We can interact with other
things, people, places and concepts, and note changes in ourselves.
This is the basic tool of all magic and psychic functioning. Everyone has
this basic ability, though skilful application is needed for high level
effects.

New FREE PCGS Registration Benefits

I felt abandoned by NGC on my PCGS coins that they previously supported.

I then went to the PCGS web site to see what I could get FREE on my PCGS coins.

PCGS coins you register will tell you:

1. That coins population & number graded better.

2. Any sets you want to establish from your PCGS coins.

3. How well your PCGS sets compare to others.

4. You will be informed if someone else tries to register that coin!

If you are willing to pay more you can get additional PCGS information..